Bare Vexed

Isabelle Kerr is a 20 year old who represents the youth who are too well educated and classy to talk with such foul language displayed within this piece. She describes this slang to back up the idea that all young people are ‘ASBO wielding yobs’, which is very ironic as she has used slang to support her argument against slang. Kerr then goes on to use quotes from twitter saying things like “no wonder there is so much youth unemployment”, suggesting that the sole reason for unemployment is the slang which the youth use, which is obviously a ridiculous claim. Another quote used is “it’s over. They’ve won” so what is this thing that is being referred to as a they, has slang taken the form of a living, sentient being; no I thought not. The greatest piece of this rubbish journalism is that the source of these opinions are from “some young Twitter users” which doesn’t show any sort of reliable opinion to back up Kerr’s argument, because Kerr is a young Twitter user and for all we know, she could have multiple accounts. One thing that Kerr refers to a lot is the need to say sorry about these “linguistic calamities”, firstly there is no need to say sorry as it isn’t her fault that these words were added to the dictionary and she didn’t even know what the word twerking meant, “I actually had to Google this word yesterday”, even my mum knows this and she doesn’t go to read the online dictionary very often. So this is showing Kerr as someone who is trying to represent a generation, but has obviously come from a background where she hasn’t been exposed to this type of language, telling me this is less of an article of an apology but more of a snobby and elitist look at slang.

The greatest mistake about this article is the over-used and mistaken idea to use Shakespeare as an ideal for received pronunciation. Shakespeare is one of the greatest linguists to ever exist, but he wouldn’t of been half the playwright that he was if he didn’t incorporate slang into his language. Kerr describes the slang that “her generation” created as “unimaginative hybrids of pre-existing words, or worse, shortening of already perfectly good words”. The example she uses for Shakespeare’s literary genius is the word ’twere, which ironically is just a unimaginative hybrid of it and were, somehow Kerr managed to use the example which completely disproves her argument. Kerr clearly hasn’t done much research either, these words were added to the Oxford Dictionaries Online, a dictionary that focuses on modern language compared to the Old English Dictionary where the official English language lives. Kerr is arguing against the slang being given a “level of permanence and authority” even though they have only been added to a dictionary which acknowledges modern language, but gives it no permanence or authority. In conclusion, Isabelle Kerr has presented an argument against the inclusion of twerking, selfie and unlike into the Oxford Dictionaries Online but failed to research thoroughly and offer a water tight case, causing her argument to have very little substance which is aided by the incredible inconsistencies that really helped to argue against her own point, not for.

Argument piece

The city, the famous square mile, where money is made but the taxes ain’t paid. The biggest casino in London, just across from the council estate in which I live, this type of financial and social disparity could only exist in a place like London. For all I could say which is wrong with the city and the bankers who operate in it, this still isn’t the cause for my discomfort. I cycle a lot to school and this means having to go onto the Farringdon road and even though I’m only scraping the edges of the city, the oppressive, imploding nature of a flock of people aimlessly wandering in front of you while cycling down the road is very annoying. To isolate this just to the square mile would be doing London an injustice, cycling anywhere in this place is dangerous: you have the none existent road system in the west end to all the little annoying humps when cycling through Islington. There is something utterly annoying about a person who will probably be conning me into a student loan in a couple of years trying to take a little short cut through my path to get their next fix, leaving it to me to have to share some expletives and nearly swerve in front of a bus. Mind you it’s one hell of an excuse for being late for school.

They say the British have a good sense of humour and one of our key tools is irony, so while building the new cycle superhighway through the Farringdon road to make cycling safer, they manage to make the lights not work and give the traffic the decision to go or not. For the policies that I disagree with Boris Johnson on, this renovation of the cycle system in London is brilliant and for all of the videos of him going into tackles like Lee Cattermole on children half my age, he has actually done something useful. This isn’t some sort of magic wand which will fix all the tensions between drivers, cyclists and pedestrians, but hopefully the fella thinking of walking in front of me will be able to see the different coloured road and massive bike sign. Maybe they could just think to themselves; this doesn’t have white and black stripes, there are no bumps to indicate a crossing or there isn’t a set of traffic lights and finally, come to the conclusion not to cross at this point- making my whole journey a much more pleasant experience. After all this complaining some would think that I should suggest some ideas how to improve this whole situation, I mean we could move the city out into places such as Barnet like what they’re doing with all the working class Londoners, but how could one imagine doing such a horrible thing to someone who is getting millions in banker bonuses, the atrocity of the thought my makes my stomach turn. Could put a fence around the road so that people can’t actually walk out onto the road but buses and taxis won’t be able to pick up their passengers.

There is clearly no definitive solution to this problem, but something needs to be done or I’m going to have a worst crash in the city since 2008. A great example of this change is Amsterdam, a city where cars used to be the normality and cycling was the same situation in London, this wasn’t just a change of road layout, this was a change of ideology. Now the cyclists have the rights on the road, making drivers think twice before taking risks which could affect a cyclist.

Now and Then

It is 6:30am and the people rise with great discomfort to the sound of Kanye West’s good morning, then the unsubtle sound of shouting scout leaders. The scouts must find their uniform. Listen how the gentle groan descends upon the circle in the middle. This is not a happy time. This is a time where your body is awake but your mind isn’t, the worst type of sedation. The daily notices fly over your head, in a trance like state you get ready for breakfast, preparing for what the Dutch throw at you. To not dirty their plates they make jam sandwiches for breakfast, and for lunch. A stumble to the tents takes one into a cesspit of clothes and bedding where one must pull up the ground to find their wash bag.

You have started to awake, the mind is catching up with your body and the clouds start to separate, to see a different landscape. The senses start to turn on, you can smell the dutch forest air, hear the sounds of other beings experiencing the same epiphany as you, feel the breeze go through your bed hair. You pass through the miniature tower bridge, carefully avoiding the mud patches, where you reach the haven of sanitation, the toilets. The people of the camp clean their teeth in sinks which hold a mixture a food debris, spit and a little bit of sick. This concoction made for great teeth but couldn’t be said the same for the drains. The same journey was to be made back to the camp where the leaders were preparing the cards to determine your destiny in which activity you will be doing. Like any truly random process, everyone just swaps the cards for what activity they want to do and everyone pretty much gets what they want, so a true democracy. You turn up at your activity which can vary from a fairly disappointing quiz or can be a rather entertaining session of Ultimate Frisbee and this you must perform with the type of scout enthusiasm to ensure you’re not insulting the leaders in some sort of twisted way. To curb your enthusiasm a little, you must endure your squashed, wrinkled jam sandwich half way through which was constructed earlier this morning, the sort of piece which started as a Vincent van Gogh but soon turned into a Jackson Pollock. So that your food doesn’t get too settled you must continue to do a activity that you have been pretending to enjoy for the last hour and a half, the enthusiasm starts to fade and people just start to wander back to camp, so you follow suit.

A bit of free time is gifted to you, which is the best thing that has happened all day, except if you are doing the cooking then you will be spending half the time decoding the recipe and the other half getting  someone else to cook while you still pretend to decode the recipe. The sounds of Ultimate Frisbee ring through the air as everyone enjoys it through a collective naivety which brings together all the different cultures. Everyone seems happy, except you, you’re still pretending to decode the recipe and as you think about it you realise what you’re doing is pretty counter productive, so you start to help…. and guess what It works! everyone is eating food, Incredible. Each person picks at the food and the sudden realisation that you don’t need to do the dishes crosses your mind. It was all worth it.

The sky darkened and hearing has become your primary sense, this place isn’t lit like London. A relaxation descended upon the camp, no more work today and tomorrow feels like a distant land. You go back to your tent and decide what to change into after a long day, the rave is happening tonight so you dress into something more appealing than Slazenger tracksuits and a sweaty sport shirt. A pair of chinos and a Monster Energy Drink T-shirt will do just fine, topped off with a bucket hat. This combination must attract some female counterparts, but this is life and life just doesn’t work like that. There’s a smell of youth in the air, as everyone is getting ready for an explosion of sexual tension but this is just a tease, the booklet says the rave ends at 11:30pm, typical. You gather up the friends that you can find, which turns out not to be that easy but you find enough to make sure you’re not too lonely. The walk to the designated area is a tantalising one, being joined by many other people from different camps on the way, which fills you with a sense of excitement but a slight nervousness; Hopefully the Euro pop won’t be too bad. You reach a squelch of mud under you feet, you’re here, but to not realise you were there a mile ago would be difficult. You can feel the sub woofer rattle your body, your atoms rattling about, kinetic energy increasing. The heart rate increases, your temperature increases, a tingling feeling surrounds you. You have fallen in love with the world. The DJ is a very handsome looking Mediterranean gentleman, who has the type of grin showing he doesn’t know what he’s doing but at least he looks good doing it. The music, people, dancing and everything blends into one beautiful portrait, the best type of sedation.

 

 

Touching the void

“Something preordained by a bored and evil force”

Joe uses a metaphor and personification to show danger and fear in Touching the void. This quote is the thoughts of Simon just after he cut the rope on Joe and Simon believes Joe is dead. By saying that there is an “evil force” which is “preordained” means that these evil occurrences are being caused by force beyond their control. The evil force could be a metaphor or symbolism for the mountain, which could be seen as “bored” as it is untouched and is toying with these new visitors. Joe is personifying this evil force by giving it the human attribute of boredom. They are using the idea of a “evil force” that is acting against them as humans always need to explain or have a reason why something is occurring, so by blaming it on this “evil force” it puts their mind to rest.

Controlled Assessment

I will be talking about how the different poets and Shakespeare use literary techniques to respond to forces which are beyond human control. I will also be looking at the themes that are used in these texts to show how each writer has different views on forces beyond our control; death, love and fate. This will also show how these ideas are thought to exist in different periods in history and how people’s views on supernatural forces changed throughout the centuries. and the similarities in the ideas, language devices and themes displayed through the texts.

Metaphors are one of the most widely used literary devices that are used throughout the text of Hamlet and the poems. ‘There lives within the very flame of love’ is using the metaphor of the flame representing love, an element which generates great heat and light. They are needed for human life but can be put out as easily as lighted: ‘A kind of wick or snuff that will abate it’. This also uses a metaphor, describing a wick or snuff as something which is the contradictory element to love, which puts the flame out. This creates great imagery, as a wick or snuff being purposely designed within the flame shows the self destruction nature of love and that fate had chosen for the love not to last. Looking at the context of the quote, another interpretation could be that love is something that diminishes over time ‘Time qualifies the spark and fire of it’. This is saying that the wick will put out the fire over time as love is the flame and the wick is the representation of time. Shakespeare also talks about how love is just a result of circumstance, the only reason that a person loves their family and parents is because they were born into that family ‘that I know love is begun by time’, or fate is the only reason why we have love for a person.

On My First Sonne is about a father who has lost his son ‘Exacted by thy fate, on the just day.’ This is talking about how it was fate the day that his son was born, linking into the ideology of the king in Hamlet, that the only reason why he loves this boy is the circumstance that he was his child. ‘To have so soone scap’d worlds, and fleshes rage’ uses the metaphor of ‘dying as a child’ as ‘scraping the world’ and talks about humans as ‘flesh’ and how dying young has meant that this child has avoided the rage and evil of humans, this idea is also explored in Hamlet. ‘For who would bear the whips and scorns of time’ this is talking about the same sort of concept of Ben Johnson asking why someone would want to live through all of the trouble of life and the calamitous nature of living a long life ‘To grunt and sweat under a weary life’. These two phrases uses metaphors to enhance the effect of the pain of living and through using the words such as whips and scorns this makes the reader think of ideas of slavery and oppression. The idea of having to bear this treatment, that the only choice that we really have in life is to end it, links back to the idea of fate. To ‘grunt’ and ‘sweat’ through life talks about the struggle that living is, even if you are not actually grunting or sweating and this isn’t a choice or avoidable, that everyone whether their wealth or status will have to struggle through life. This isn’t the only thing that links Shakespeare and Ben Johnson, they both lost a son at a young age and both of the pieces of text by these two people express very similar ideas except Ben Johnson’s poem is directly related to his son and Shakespeare’s ideas are implied through his play.

The use of rhythm is used throughout Hamlet and the poems. One example of this could be the use of iambic pentameter to symbolise the human heartbeat, the unstressed, then stressed beats is a very similar rhythm. In the poem, Do not go gentle into that good night, Dylan Thomas uses iambic pentameter throughout the poem but has a break in the poem ‘Rage, rage against the dying of the light.’ This is interesting as when he mentions about fighting against the your death, the steady pulse and rhythm stops, representing fighting against the natural rhythm of life and making a stand against the inevitable. This also emphasises the word ‘rage’, giving it a stressed beat, making the listener focus on this word more. In Hamlet iambic pentameter is used throughout the play, except in occasional scenes where it’s not used and all of these are when the character is seen as crazy. This is used when Hamlet is pretending to be crazy and also used when Ophelia is actually crazy, disrupting the rhythm of the speech and symbolising that the person has stepped out of the rhythm of life.

Personification is used within all of the different pieces of writing, in the poem ‘A song in a Storm’ the ocean is personified a great deal, described as an entity which is fighting on their side ‘Be well assured that on our side the abiding oceans fight’. Rudyard Kipling talks about how the waters seem as though they have a soul, that they have the conscious will to fight ‘As though they had a soul’ and that the sea carries that flag of which they serve with them to go fight the enemy with them ‘Our flag beneath their green’. In Hamlet there are examples of personification, ‘For murder, though it have no tongue, will speak with most miraculous organ.’ this is giving murder the human feature of having the ability to speak, even though murder doesn’t have a tongue. Hamlet is saying here that he won’t have to tell anyone as murder speaks for itself and he will show this through the play he is putting on in front of the King and Queen. Rosencrantz also says ‘None, my lord, but that the world’s grown honest.’ giving the world the attribute to be honest and more specifically to grow more honest. All these features are giving an object or situation a natural attribute for humans, which gives non sentient beings a sense of choice about what the decisions it makes.

All these authors talk about fate and other supernatural forces throughout their pieces using different examples of literary techniques. Each text does represent similar and differing ideas about how one should go through life and deal with these forces beyond their control. ‘Do not go gentle into that good night’ talks about how you should fight against death and rage against it, whereas in ‘On my first sonne’ the author accepts the death and is grateful to the seven years which were lent to his son on this earth. ‘On my first sonne’ does share similar ideas with Hamlet, talking about the circumstance of what family you’re born into and that fate is the only reason why we love certain people.

Act 5, Scene 1

This new act starts with two grave diggers, where Shakespeare is trying to lighten the mood within the play. They are preparing the grave for Ophelia but are discussing the fact that she is being buried in a Catholic cemetery even though she killed herself, which is against the teaching of Catholicism. They say that only the rich are allowed to do these things against god. Hamlet and Horatio enter and the jovial nature of which the grave diggers perform their job disturbs Hamlet. This is characterised when Hamlets has a conversation with one of the grave diggers and the grave digger just throws up some skulls he finds while digging, one turning out to be someone who Hamlet knows. Hamlet discovers that Ophelia is to be buried in one of these graves and interrupts the procession saying that he was the one that only loved her truly, getting into a scuffle with Laertes. It is broken up and Hamlet leaves, where Horatio is sent to look after him. Claudius reminds Laertes of the plan they made earlier.

Act 4, Scene 7

A messenger arrives with a letter for Claudius from Hamlet saying that he’s coming back to Denmark, Claudius concerned with this, suggests that Laertes to have a duel with Hamlet but plan to cover the tip of Laertes sword with poison. This will cover it up as an accident and clear Claudius of any wrong doing and even if Hamlet is looking like he is winning the battle, that he’ll poison a goblet of wine to make sure. Gertrude then interrupts them and tells of news that Ophelia is dead by sitting on a branch which broke making her fall into the river and drown. It is not specified if this was suicide or poor luck.

Act 4, Scene 6

Horatio has a letter delivered to him by some sailors from Hamlet, which describes his situation at sea, where pirates captured his boat and he was the only person to be held prisoner; everyone else continued there journey to England. Hamlet says of a story he has to tell Horatio when he gets back to Denmark.

 

Act 4, Scene 5

The scene starts with Gertrude, Horatio and a Gentlemen who is trying to convince Gertrude to go speak and see to Ophelia. When Gertrude enters the room, Ophelia sings about the Queen and Polonius showing Gertrude that Ophelia is clearly mad. Claudius enters and Ophelia continues to talk nonsense until she leaves, where Claudius sends Horatio to watch over her. Claudius talks how Polonius dying has poisoned Ophelia’s mind and that they hurried his burial, not giving him a state funeral. Claudius talks about how Laertes has arrived back from France, where people have been spreading rumours about Polonius’s death. A noise is heard, Laertes arrives wanting to avenge Polonius through the blood of Claudius but Claudius talks him out of it, passing the blame onto Hamlet.

Act 4, Scene 4

This scene starts with Fortinbras asking his captain to go and ask Claudius for permission to go through Denmark, he also says that he is willing to do a favour for Claudius if he grants him permission. The Captain bumps into Hamlet, Guildenstern and Rosencrantz where Hamlet asks the Captain who’s troops they are and where they are headed. The Captain answers that they are Fortinbras and they are headed to invade Poland, where Hamlet ponders if it is the heartland or some Frontier; The Captain replying with “Truly to speak, and with no addition, We go to gain a little patch of ground that hath in it no profit but the name.” Hamlet, now left alone, talks about his inability to act and how young Fortinbras is willing to put his life at risk to do something about his problems.

Act 4, Scene 3

The scene starts with Claudius talking to some of his attendants about how Hamlet is a danger to everyone and his plans to send him to England. He tells Rosencrantz and Guildenstern that they must go and get Hamlet to bring him before Claudius. Claudius asks Hamlet where Polonius is and he answers jovially by saying that Polonius is at supper “but where ‘a is eaten”. When asked where Polonius is he answers “In heaven”. Claudius tells Hamlet that he is being sent to England and being sent with note.